Polyamine stimulation of antizyme frameshifting

Translation normally occurs in a linear fashion reading nonoverlapping nucleotide triplets. Alternatively, some genes require translation in two overlapping reading frames. The ability of the ribosome to change to an alternative reading frame is called frameshifting. Frameshifting occurs at a specific site in the mRNA sequence, which usually allows the tRNA(s) bound to the ribosome to repair in the new reading frame. Frameshifting can be stimulated by both <italic> cis