Sherlock imaging spectrometer for flare gas imaging and analysis

Sherlock Imaging Spectrometer for Flare Gas Imaging and Analysis www.gitint.com G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.gitint.com Sherlock Flare Analysis System • Using the Sherlock Imaging Spectrometer Flare Monitoring can be performed remotely as far a several miles from the flare stacks. • Locating the Sherlock Flare Monitoring system in an environmental chamber on a pan and tilt stage and connected via Ethernet to another remote location multiple flares from a single plant can be continuously monitored and the efficiency recorded. G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC Spectral Image Using a Sherlock Infrared Camera 2 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Sherlock FE for Flare Analysis Uses Passive Imaging Spectroscopy G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 3 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Spectral Image of Flare and Stack Emissions Stack Spectra 1 0.9 Sulfur Stack Stack Unit 1791 0.8 Peak Normalized Intensity 0.7 H 2S? Sherlock Image of Stack 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 SO 2 CO 2 0.1 0 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5 Wavelength (microns) G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC Sherlock Image of Sulfur Stack & Plume 4 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Sherlock Analyzes Efficiency by Measuring the Ratio Between CO2 & CO or Unburned Hydrocarbons Dirty & Clean Burning Butane Flame Average over three runs Point Source 320 Bins/Micron Spectral Resolution 4500 Unprocessed Values 4000 3500 Frame rate 217 Integration T ime 4.03 ms 3000 CO2 2500 2000 1500 Dirty 1000 Clean 500 0 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 Wavelength (Microns) G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 5 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Gases Above Flare Detected at Night Show significant Unburned Hydrocarbons ETACVAM Flare 160 140 Intensity (12 Bit DN) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 3 G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 Wavelength (Microns) 6 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Long Range Flare Monitoring Gas Flare on Off Shore Oil Rig 2500 CO2 Flare Emission H2O CO Flare Emission Hydrocarbons Intensity (12 bit DN) 2000 1500 1000 H2O 500 Flare CO2 Atmoshperic Absorption Glint2 0 Off-Shore Oil Platform Flare at 10 miles distance viewed with the PAT Tycho Long Range Optics & IMSS IR camera G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Wavelength (microns) Spectrum of Flare measured by IMSS at 10 mile distance 7 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Unlike Competition Sherlock Contains All Components in Single Instrument Data Logger Computer Infrared Camera FTIR Spectrometer G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC Competition Doesn't Have These Combined Capabilities 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.gitint.com Image Multi-spectral Sensing (IMSS) The IMSS imaging spectrometer is a type of dispersive instrument using a technique invented and patented by PAT. The IMSS uses a diffractive optical element to disperse and focus the light at once. G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 9 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com IMSS Hyper-spectral Data Cube • Typical IMSS Hyper- • G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 10 spectral Data Cube is Collected in a Band Sequential Mode With Each n x n image is a single spectral band. Sequential images collected at different wavelengths gives spectral information on any object in the field of view of the system 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Large Flare Flare Analysis Hydrocarbons 6-Dec-05 1100 1000 CO 900 Nox Temperature (K) 800 700 H2O 600 500 CO2 H2S 400 300 200 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5 Wavelength (Microns) Unknown VOC Source 250 Kg/sec Intensity (12 Bit DN - 391 usec) 200 150 100 50 G IT CO CO2 H2S NO NO2 HC (methane) HC (propane) Unknown Hydrocarbon Gas 7716.3 21123.4 16474.5 14552.5 22311.3 5252.2 14440.3 lbs/year (B) 535.4 1465.5 1143.0 1009.6 1547.9 364.4 1001.9 0 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 Wavelength (Microns) 11 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Radiant intensity falling on a detector from a remote blackbody source d2 ×τ o ×τ a Signal = Wλ (T ) × (1) 2 4 f # (λ ) where Wλ (T ) is given by the Planks blackbody radiation law Wλ (T ) = 2hc 2 λ 5 1 × e hc kλ T (2) −1 C1 = 2hc 2 C2 = G IT hc k GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 12 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com High Temperature Blackbody is Used to Calibrate the Sherlock FE DN (λ ) = Signal (λ ) × tint × τ o C2 1 = T (K ) λ (ln C1 − 5 ln λ + 2 ln d − 2 ln(4 f # ) − ln( Sig ) + lnτ A ) G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 13 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Quantification for Flares & Stacks The standard gas law is: 1) PV = μRT where; P = pressure V = volume μ = mass in moles R = universal gas constant = 8.3143 J/gm-mole K = 82.05 cc-atm/gm-mole K T = temperature of gas 2) μ = ρV/M where; ρ = grams/unit volume M = molecular weight (grams/mole), combining equations 1) and 2) 3) ρ = PM/RT G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 14 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Flare gas from landfill • Stack on the left shows • • exhaust unburned gases from the landfill flare. Stack on the right is hot gas vent The range was 60 m and data collected during a period of rain causing significant attenuation of the signal in certain spectral bands G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 15 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Raw Data From a Landfill Flare Tahegas Landfill Flare 40 usec Tint 15000 14000 Intensity (14 Bit DN) 13000 12000 CO2 11000 CO H2O CO 10000 9000 8000 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 Wavelength (Microns) G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 16 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Converted to Temperature Tahegus Landfill Flare 1300 Hot H2O 1200 Classic Gap Between CO Lines 1100 Atmospheric CO2 Absorption Temperature (K) 1000 900 Hot H2O 800 CO Attenuation from Rain 700 CO2 600 Methane 500 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5 Wavelength (Microns) G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 17 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com Summary • Gas Imaging Technology is ready to support applications for Flare Analysis. For further information please contact us or visit our web site at www.gitint.com Gas Imaging Technology 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688-2088 [e-mail] G IT GAS IMAGING TECHNOLOGY, LLC 18 85 Industrial Way Buellton, CA 93427 805 688688-2088 www.patinc.com