Visual Field Defect Patterns Associated With Lesions of the Retrochiasmal Visual Pathway

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Title Visual Field Defect Patterns Associated With Lesions of the Retrochiasmal Visual Pathway
Creator Juno Cho; Eric Liao; Jonathan D. Trobe
Affiliation Kellogg Eye Center, Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (JC, JDT), Radiology (Neuroradiology) (EL), and Neurology (JDT), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Abstract Background: Perimetry is widely used in the localization of retrochiasmal visual pathway lesions. Although macular sparing, homonymous paracentral scotomas, and quadrantanopias are regarded as features of posterior retrochiasmal visual pathway lesions, incongruous hemianopia is regarded as a hallmark of anterior lesions. Recent studies have questioned the specificity of these defect patterns. Methods: Retrospective record review conducted in a single, academic, medical center using an electronic search engine with the terms ''homonymous hemianopia,' 'optic tract,' 'temporal lobectomy,' 'visual field defect,' and 'MRI.' Patients were included if they had reliable, automated, static visual fields, high-quality reviewable MRI scans, and pertinent lesions. MRI lesions were assigned to 1 of 6 retrochiasmal visual pathway segments by the study neuroradiologist. Two study authors independently reviewed the visual fields and designated 10 different defect patterns. Results: From an original cohort of 256 cases, only 83 had MRI-defined lesions that were limited to particular retrochiasmal segments and had visual field defect patterns that allegedly permitted localization to those particular segments. The 5 contralateral nerve fiber bundle defects were exclusive to optic tract tumors with rostral extension. Pie-in-the-sky defects were exclusive to Meyer loop lesions. Among 22 fields with macular sparing, 86% arose from the visual cortex or posterior optic radiations. Among 31 fields with homonymous quadrantanopias, 77% arose from Meyer loop, visual cortex, or posterior optic radiations. Among 13 fields with homonymous paracentral scotomas, 69% arose from visual cortex or posterior optic radiations. Optic tract lesions accounted for 70% of incongruous hemianopias but that pattern occurred uncommonly. Conclusion: In correlating discrete MRI-defined retrochiasmal lesions with visual field defect patterns identified on static perimetry, this study showed that macular sparing, homonymous paracentral scotomas, and quadrantanopias localized to the visual cortex and posterior optic radiations segments but not exclusively. It has differed from an earlier study in showing that incongruous hemianopias occur predominantly from optic tract lesions.
Subject Hemianopsia; Retrospective Studies; Scotoma; Vision Disorders; Visual Field Tests; Visual Pathways
OCR Text Show
Date 2022-09
Date Digital 2022-09
References 1. Miller NR, Newman NJ. Chapter 8. Topical diagnosis of lesions in the visual sensory pathway. In: Miller NR, Newman NJ, eds. Walsh & Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology. 5th edition. Volume 1. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 2005:237-386. 2. Horton JC, Hoyt WF. Quadrantic visual field defects. A hallmark of lesions in extrastriate (V2/V3) cortex. Brain. 1991;114(pt 4):1703-1718. 3. Horton JC, Hoyt WF. The representation of the visual field in human striate cortex. A revision of the classic Holmes map. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109:816-824. 4. McFadzean R, Brosnahan D, Hadley D, Mutlukan E. Representation of the visual field in the occipital striate cortex. Br J Ophthalmol. 1994;78:185-190. 5. Holmes G, Lister WT. Disturbances of vision from cerebral lesions, with special reference to the cortical representation of the macula. Brain. 1916;39:34-73.
Language eng
Format application/pdf
Type Text
Publication Type Journal Article
Source Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology, September 2022, Volume 42, Issue 3
Collection Neuro-Ophthalmology Virtual Education Library: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology Archives: https://novel.utah.edu/jno/
Publisher Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Holding Institution Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library, University of Utah
Rights Management © North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
ARK ark:/87278/s6xw8sz7
Setname ehsl_novel_jno
ID 2344205
Reference URL https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6xw8sz7
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