Intergenerational Involvement in the Lives of Grandchildren with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Motivations and Barriers

Current statistics report the alarming increase in the prevalence o f children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In accordance, the number of grandparents with a grandchild with ASD is increasing. ASD is a lifelong, incurable developmental disability and families of children with ASD experience unique challenges and stress. Grandparents have the potential to provide support and assistance benefitting the entire family unit. Research has explored the factors associated with and influencing a grandparent's engagement with their grandchildren. However having a grandchild with ASD may complicate, promote or even deter a grandparent's interactions. This research sought to investigate these paradigms using a qualitative research method; 14 grandparents of grandchildren with ASD were individually interviewed, as well as four of these children's mothers. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Four key features were identified as having an effect on the grandparents' engagement with their grandchildren with ASD: communication, understanding of the disability, and perceptions of inclusion and appreciation. Grandparent's with positive, constructive intergenerational communication, enhanced understanding of their grandchild's condition and who felt included in family activities, with their participation appreciated were more actively engaged with their grandchildren with ASD. This paper addresses the features that may encourage or discourage a grandparent's involvement with their grandchildren with ASD.