Convergence Insufficiency: Practical Pearls for Diagnosis and Treatment (abstract)

Patients with convergence insufficiency (CI) often complain of symptoms while engaged in reading and other near work. Commonly reported eye-related symptoms are diplopia, blur, eyestrain, headaches, and words moving on the page. Diplopia can present as either two separate horizontal images or overlapping images, the latter sometimes interpreted as blur. Blurred vision may also result if excess accommodation is used in an effort to increase convergence through the accommodative system to maintain fusion at near.