20190321_nanos_currentconcepts1_05_slides

Moebius syndrome is a congenital malformation of the brainstem that is non-progressive typically causing bilateral facial diplegia and horizontal eye movement restriction. The syndrome has variable phenotypes and severity and can be found with other cranial neuropathies such as cranial nerves V, IX, X, and XII. The incidence is 1 in 50,000 live births with no gender predilection. The most common eye movement abnormality is a bilateral horizontal gaze palsy although there can be unilateral gaze palsies or sixth nerve palsies, vertical eye movement limitations, and convergence deficits.