| Description |
The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is a concern in the United States and throughout the world. Diabetes places a burden on physical and mental health as well as the economy of affected nations. Prediabetes, classified as impaired fasting blood glucose, is also on the rise, and those classified as prediabetic are at an increased risk of developing diabetes later in life. Prevention of diabetes is possible, preferable, and key in those who are prediabetic. The Diabetes Prevention Program, originally conducted in 1999, demonstrated that lifestyle changes, consisting of dietary changes and increased physical activity, was effective in preventing or delaying the onset of diabetes. However, not everyone who participates in these programs sees the same degree of success. One factor that has not been examined is to what extent quality of life plays a role in determining success in making nutritional changes and improving diet quality within a prevention program. This study analyzed potential relationships between diet quality and quality of life, as measured by the Flanagan scale. Data from 48 participants of the University of Utah’s Diabetes Prevention Program were analyzed and assessed. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements and markers were analyzed, as well as 24-hour recalls and quality of life scale scores. Diet recalls were processed through the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Recall (ASA24) system. Diet quality was assigned by utilizing the Healthy Eating Index-2010 criteria and scores. Independent t-tests were used to assess any changes pre- and post-intervention, and linear regression was used to assess any relationship between quality of life and diet and quality of life and anthropometric measurements. Participants saw overall improvements in quality of life, weight loss, blood glucose tolerance, and a positive trend in Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores. No significant linear relationship was found between quality of life and diet quality, but significant relationships did exist for BMI, hip and waist circumferences, and oral glucose tolerance tests, indicating that a higher quality of life led to decreased values in these areas. In summary, this study shows the importance of a prevention program in increasing healthy behaviors and outcomes. Further research is necessary to track dietary changes throughout the intervention period. |
