Studying the genesis of typhoon Nuri (2008) with numerical simulations and data assimilation

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Title Studying the genesis of typhoon Nuri (2008) with numerical simulations and data assimilation
Publication Type dissertation
School or College College of Mines & Earth Sciences
Department Atmospheric Sciences
Author Li, Zhan
Date 2013-12
Description Forecasting tropical cyclone (TC) genesis is a challenging problem. This dissertation attempts to understand the following questions through studying the genesis of Typhoon Nuri (2008) with numerical simulations and data assimilation: 1) What are the atmospheric conditions and processes that contribute to Nuri's genesis and early rapid intensification? 2) To what extent can data assimilation improve the forecasts of Nuri's genesis? To address the first question, numerical simulations of Nuri's genesis are conducted using an advanced research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. First, initial and boundary conditions derived from two global analyses are found to lead to remarkably different simulations of Nuri's genesis in developing and nondeveloping cases. It is also found that the convective development into the pre-Nuri core region is a critical process for Nuri's genesis. A strong midlevel vortex and a moist environment provide the favorable conditions for the convective development. Induced by the persistent deep convection, diabatic heating at upper levels is produced from latent heat release. This substantial warming at upper levels results in the drop in Nuri's minimum central sea level pressure. Next, the sensitivity of numerical simulations of Nuri's genesis to the model horizontal resolution is examined. Results show that the simulation at a coarse-resolution (e.g., 12 km) better predicts Nuri's rapid intensification than that at a higher resolution (e.g., 4 km). Specifically, the simulation at the coarser resolution produces strong convective bursts and diabatic heating in the inner core region and also stronger warming in the upper atmosphere, thus leading to a lower minimum sea level pressure (MSLP). Further experiments suggest that an appropriate microphysics scheme (e.g., the twomoment Morrison scheme) and a later initialization time (after Nuri's early development) could help the high-resolution simulation better capture Nuri's rapid intensification. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to examine the impact of radar data assimilation on numerical simulations of Nuri's genesis using a four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-VAR) method. The radar data assimilation results in significant improvements in the numerical simulation of Nuri's genesis. Several configurations of data assimilation are evaluated. Specifically, assimilation of radial velocity leads to more improvement in intensity forecasts, whereas track forecasts are better simulated by the assimilation of radar-retrieved wind components. Improved analysis and forecasts are obtained when both radial velocity and retrieved winds are assimilated. In addition, 4D-VAR performs better than three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3D-VAR) in radar data assimilation. The positive impact of radar data assimilation can be attributed to the improved simulations of convective evolution and the enhanced midlevel vortex and moisture conditions.
Type Text
Publisher University of Utah
Subject Data assimilation; Numerical simulation; Tropical cyclone genesis
Dissertation Institution University of Utah
Dissertation Name Doctor of Philosophy
Language eng
Rights Management Copyright © Zhan Li 2013
Format application/pdf
Format Medium application/pdf
Format Extent 3,894,927 Bytes
Identifier etd3/id/3482
ARK ark:/87278/s6hf13zt
Setname ir_etd
ID 197036
Reference URL https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6hf13zt
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