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TitleDescriptionSubject
1 Central Acute Vestibular Syndrome Due to Posterior Fossa HemorrhageThis is a patient presenting with the acute vestibular syndrome (AVS, e.g., acute prolonged vertigo, spontaneous nystagmus) whose HINTS (Head Impulse, Nystagmus, Test of Skew) testing indicated a central etiology based on negative (normal) head impulse testing (HIT). Nystagmus was unidirectional and...VOR HIT; Alignment; Jerk Nystagmus; Vestibular Nystagmus; Acute Vestibular
2 Demonstration of HINTS Examination in a Normal SubjectIn the acute vestibular syndrome - consisting of acute prolonged vertigo, spontaneous nystagmus, imbalance, nausea/vomiting, head motion intolerance which is typically due to vestibular neuritis or posterior fossa stroke - a 3 step test of ocular motor and vestibular function known as HINTS, has hig...Acute Vestibular; Normal VOR; Vertigo; HINTS examination
3 Parinaud's Syndrome with Impaired Upward Saccades and Otherwise Normal Vertical Eye MovementsThis is a 50-yo-man who suffered a dorsal midbrain stroke. Exam demonstrated normal vertical range of eye movements, normal vertical VOR and smooth pursuit, but inability to perform upward saccades. Another feature of Parinaud's syndrome seen on his exam was light-near dissociation (not shown in thi...Abnormal Saccades; Range of Eye Movements; Abnormal Range of Eye Movements; Smooth Pursuit; Normal VOR; Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome
4 Semicircular PathwaysOnce the semicircular canal fibers leave the peripheral labyrinth, they synapse in the ipsilateral vestibular nucleus, and then ascend to the ocular motor nuclei. This enables the vestibulo-ocular reflex to respond to head movements in the plane of any canal or combination of canals.Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex
5 Slow Volitional Saccades and Poor Fast Phases to an Optokinetic Stimulus, with Preserved Head Impulse TestingThis is a 67-year-old woman presenting with imbalance and binocular horizontal diplopia at near. On examination there were frequent square wave jerks, limited supraduction OU and convergence insufficiency, which explained her diplopia. Pursuit and suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex were sa...Abnormal Saccades; VOR HIT Normal
6 Unidirectional Vestibular Nystagmus60-yo-man with recurrent vertigo attacks - this video was taken during one of his typical attacks, and shows left-beating nystagmus that stayed left-beating in all directions of gaze, more in left gaze (in accordance with Alexander's Law), and less in right gaze. This pattern is more commonly seen w...Jerk Nystagmus; Vestibular Nystagmus; Vestibulo-ocular Reflex; Head Impulse Testing; Benign Recurrent Vertigo; Migraine Variant
7 VOR (Slow and Fast)𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Slow vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR): Since smooth pursuit and VOR systems are both active, if eye movements are choppy with this maneuver this implies deficits in both pursuit and the vestibular system as in CANVAS; Fast (...Vestibulo-ocular Reflex (VOR); Exam
8 riMLF Syndrome from Artery of Percheron Stroke𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 65-yo-man who suffered the abrupt onset of loss of consciousness followed by difficulty looking down. MRI showed bilateral rostral midbrain strokes in the distribution of the artery of Percheron. He could not in...Saccades Abnormal; Vestibulo-ocular Reflex and Head Impulse Testing Normal; Pursuit Normal; Vertical Gaze Palsy; Downgaze Palsy; Mesencephalon
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