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Creator | Title | Description | Subject | Date |
| 126 |
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Zimmer, Zachary | Distinguishing the spending preferences of seniors | One thousand, four hundred and six seniors were asked about their consumer spending preferences. While some could name a product spending preference, others could not. This study examines the characteristics that best distinguish those elders who are uninterested in spending on consumer products fro... | Spending preferences; Seniors | 1996 |
| 127 |
 |
Smith, Ken R. | Association of physical and behavioral characteristics with menstrual cycle patterns in women age 29-31 years | We examined the association between menstrual cycle characteristics(cycle length, variability, and bleeding length) and physical and behavioral attributes in 766 women age 29-31 years. Menstrual cycled at a were prospectively recorded as part of the Menstruation and Reproductive History Study of col... | | 1996 |
| 128 |
 |
Li, Minqi | China: six years after Tiananmen | Six years ago, immediately after the democratic movement was repressed in China, almost all Chinese liberal intellectuals and Western observers predicted that, without "political reform," "economic reform" would fail in China. Despite their warnings, tens of billions of dollars have continued to po... | China; Economic reform; Political reform | 1996 |
| 129 |
 |
Hawkes, Kristen; O'Connell, James F. | Global process and local ecology: how should we explain differences between the Hadza and the !Kung? | In this chapter we discuss explanations for the diversity of behavior of contemporary forager populations. Other contributors document variation among southern African savanna Bushman groups, and central African forest Pygmies. We confine ourselves to trying to explain some differences between two ... | | 1996 |
| 130 |
 |
Kowaleski-Jones, Lori | Determinants of first sex by age 14 in a high-risk adolescent population | A study using data for mothers from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and their children aged 14 or older indicates that, after accounting for a wide range of demographic and socioeconomic antecedents, children are significantly more likely to become sexually active before age 14 if their m... | | 1996 |
| 131 |
 |
Jameson, Kenneth P. | Data and social science rhetoric: policy and instruction | I believe that social science and empirical investigation can make important contributions to our understanding and to resolution of policy issues, but only if we are clear on the nature of social science and the role of quantification. In particular we must admit the limits of our truth claims, th... | Social sciences; Quantification; Empirical investigation | 1996 |
| 132 |
 |
Rogers, Alan R.; Jorde, Lynn B. | Ascertainment bias in estimates of average heterozygosity | Population geneticists work with a nonrandom sample of the human genome. Conventional practice ensures that unusually variable loci are most likely to be discovered and thus included in the sample of loci. Consequently, estimates of average heterozygosity are biased upward. In what follows we descri... | Bias (Epidemiology); Biometry; Heterozygote | 1996-05 |
| 133 |
 |
Wolfinger, Nicholas H. | Different voices of gender: social recognition | Many researchers have shown that men and women speak differently. In this paper we examine whether these differences extend to the interpretation of speech. Men and women were recorded as they described their participation in a common interpersonal dilemma. | Gender differences | 1997 |
| 134 |
 |
Fogel, Alan Dale | A dynamic systems approach to infant facial action | What does it mean when a baby smiles? Is it an expression of enjoyment, a signal to a partner that rewards effective caretaking, or simply a muscular contraction? Do physically different types of smiles indicate different things? Should the social context in which an infant smiles inform our unders... | | 1997 |
| 135 |
 |
Brown, Barbara B. | Post-occupancy evaluation of wayfinding in a pediatric hospital: research findings and implications for instruction | A post-occupancy evaluation (POE) of way finding in a new pediatric hospital pointed to a wide range of areas where wayfinding aids could be improved. After initial walk-through evaluation tours and meetings with administrators, five more systematic methods were used to assess problems: staff and vi... | Hospitals; Wayfinding; Signage | 1997 |
| 136 |
 |
Hawkes, Kristen | Hadza women's time allocation, offspring provisioning, and the evolution of long postmenopausal life spans | Extended provisioning of offspring and long postmenopausal life spans are characteristic of all modern humans but no other primates. These traits may have evolved in tandem. Analysis of relationships between women's time allocation and children's nutritional welfare among the Hadza of northern Tanza... | Child care; Children, nutrition; Life spans, Biology; Mother & child; Primates; Social structure; Women; Time Management; Hominids | 1997 |
| 137 |
 |
McDaniel, Susan | Intergenerational transfers, social solidarity, and social policy: unanswered questions and policy challenges | Le transfert intergenerationnel constitue l'essence de la continuite societale et pourtant, il demeure mal conceptualise et analyse. Il se situe Egalement au centre du concept de l'etat sur le bien-etre quant a la redistribution des ressources et partant, des changements/defis actuels quant aux mes... | Intergenerational transfers; Social solidarity; Social continuity; Redistribution | 1997 |
| 138 |
 |
Gelfand, Donna M. | Preschool assessment of attachment: construct validity in a sample of depressed and nondepressed families. | Construct validity of the newly developed Preschool Assessment of Attachment (PAA) was examined in a sample of depressed and nondepressed mothers and their preschoolers, focusing on attachment related differences in children's general caregiving environments, maternal psychosocial functioning, and c... | Preschoolers; Families; Maternal, psychosocial functioning; Mothers; Children, caregiving; Attachment | 1997-07 |
| 139 |
 |
Gelfand, Donna M. | Mother-toddler interaction patterns associated with maternal depression. | Interactive coordination was observed in laboratory play interactions of pairs of 29 clinically depressed and 14 nondepressed mothers and their 13-29-month-old children (M = 18.9 months). Nondepressed mothers and their children displayed more interactive coordination than depressed-mother dyads (p <... | Depression; Child-rearing; Infants; Motherhood | 1997-09 |
| 140 |
 |
White, Paul H. | Flexible correction processes in social judgment: implications for persuasion | Two experiments were conducted to examine correction for perceived bias in persuasion situations. Study 1 showed that, although a manipulation of source likability had an impact on attitudes when no instruction to remove bias was present, when people were asked to remove any bias from their judgmen... | Manipulation; Likability; Biasing | 1998 |
| 141 |
 |
Zick, Cathleen D. | Review of the economics of family time use | Time is a limited resource. Yet, it is also the one resource with which all individuals are equally endowed on any given day. Why then is there such wide variation in how each of us chooses to use that time? What factors guide our decisions about time spent working versus time spent with family and... | | 1998 |
| 142 |
 |
Kowaleski-Jones, Lori | Sex, contraception and childbearing among high-risk youth: do different factors influence males and females? | During adolescence, many young people begin to experiment with new roles. One important area of exploration is sexual activity, which involves a certain amount of risk-taking. | | 1998 |
| 143 |
 |
McDaniel, Susan | Public policy, demographic aging and families | Voodoo demographics, a term coined by American economist James Schulz in the late 1980s, describes the belief that aging populations pose threats to life and society as we know it, particularly to social safety nets, education, public health care, as well as challenges to families. Surprisingly, the... | | 1998 |
| 144 |
 |
Zimmer, Zachary | Educational attainment and transitions in functional status among older Taiwanese | There is a lengthy history of research examining the relationship between socioeconomic status and health and mortality in Western societies (Antonovsky 1967; Fox 1989; Williams and Collins 1995). Almost unanimously, these investigations show that those with high socioeconomic status are advantaged ... | Educational attainment; Functional status; Older Taiwanese | 1998 |
| 145 |
 |
Cashdan, Elizabeth A. | Why is testosterone associated with divorce in men? | There is evidence that in women high levels of testosterone are associated with more sexual partners and more permissive sexual attitudes. If a similar relationship holds true for men, the higher basal testosterone levels of divorced and unmarried men may be caused by this relationship rather than b... | Marriage; Separation; Hormones; Sexuality | 1998-06 |
| 146 |
 |
Wiessner, Pauline W. | On emergency decisions, egalitarianism, and group selection | Boehm (CA 37:763-93) puts forward an important thesis-that with the evolution of egalitarian societies, privileged routes to reproductive advantage are blocked and the power of individua selection severely compromised. With competition so constrained, altruistic behavior can more readily spread i... | Boehm's mode; Evolution of altruistic behavior | 1998-06 |
| 147 |
 |
Wiessner, Pauline W. | On network analysis: the potential for understanding (and misunderstanding) !Kung Hxaro | Schweizer's social network analysis (CA 38: 739-52) of gift giving among the !Kung San (Ju/'hoansi) demonstrates most elegantly how individual strategies, guided by basic cultural rules, coalesce to form a regional system. Complex connections in the network that defied description with simpler anayt... | Density of kinship; Nonsymmetry; Ethnohistorica | 1998-08 |
| 148 |
 |
Maloney, Thomas N. | Personnel policy, costs of experimentation, and racial inequality in the Pre-World War II North | Between 1910 and 1940, the black population of the northern United States nearly tripled, rising from just over I million to more than 2.7 million, signaling the start of the "Great Migration" of African-Americans out of the South. As black workers entered the North, they sought positions in new sec... | Race bias; Personnel policies; African Americans; Employment opportunities | 1999 |
| 149 |
 |
Malloy, Thomas E.; Hansen, K. Gene | Reductions in criminality subsequent to group, individual, and family therapy in adolescent residential and day treatment settings | The complete population of adolescents in a residential and day-treatment program over a 4-year period, 532youths, served in two studies. Along with residential and day-treatment settings, predictive variables of interest were the number of hours spent in group, individual, and family therapy. A tot... | Group therapy; Individual therapy; Family therapy | 1999 |
| 150 |
 |
Hawkes, Kristen | Some current ideas about the evolution of the human life history | Human life history is characterised by a long juvenile period (weaning to reproductive maturity), and a long post-reproductive lifespan in females. How do we explain the differences between our nearest relatives, the great apes, and ourselves? This chapter summarises some recent attempts to use l... | Human life history; Fertility; Apes; Juvenile period | 1999 |
