Health Education Assets Library (HEAL)
 
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TitleDescriptionSubjectCollection
101 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA lyase reactionIn this mitochondrial process hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA is converted to acetoacetate, a ketone body. Acetyl CoA is another product.Knowledge Weavers Fatty Acids
102 An interpolated PACAlthough most PACs reset the sinus node producing an incomplete compensatory pause, this PAC, indicated by the black arrow, is interpolated, i.e., sandwiched between two sinus beats. Note that the subsequent sinus P wave conducts with prolonged PR interval due to the relative refractoriness of the...Knowledge Weavers ECG
103 Incomplete AV dissociation due To 2nd degree AV block2nd degree AV block is evident from the nonconducted P waves. Junctional escapes, labled J, terminate the long pauses because that's the purpose of escape pacemakers....to protect us from too slow heart rates. All QRSs with shorter RR intervals are capture beats, labeled c. Atypical RBBB with a q...Knowledge Weavers ECG
104 Frontal plane QRS axis = +50 degrees1) lead aVL is the smallest QRS and closest to being the isoelectric lead; 2) perpendiculars to aVL are +60 and -120 degrees; 3) lead I is positive; 4) therefore, the axis is closest to being +60 degrees. Because aVL is actually slightly positive, the axis is only about +50 degrees (i.e., slightly ...Knowledge Weavers ECG
105 Atypical LBBB with primary T wave abnormalitiesPrimary T wave abnormalities in LBBB refer to T waves in the same direction as the major deflection of the QRS. These are seen in leads I, III, aVL, V2-4. Most likely diagnosis is myocardial infarction.Knowledge Weavers ECG
106 Mobitz II 2nd degree AV block with LBBBThe QRS morphology in lead V1 shows LBBB. The arrows point to two consecutive nonconducted P waves, most likely hung up in the diseased right bundle branch. This is classic Mobitz II 2nd degree AV block.Knowledge Weavers ECG
107 RBBB with primary ST-T abnormalities: Precordial leadsRBBB with primary ST-T abnormalities: Precordial leadsKnowledge Weavers ECG
108 Bifascicular block: RBBB + LAFBBifascicular block: RBBB + LAFBKnowledge Weavers ECG
109 PVC with R-on-T - marquettePVC with R-on-T - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
110 PVCs - marquettePVCs - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
111 Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH) & Right Atrial Enlargement (RAE)In this case of severe pulmonary hypertension, RVH is recognized by the prominent anterior forces (tall R waves in V1-2), right axis deviation (+110 degrees), and P pulmonale (i.e., right atrial enlargement). RAE is best seen in the frontal plane leads; the P waves in lead II are >2.5mm in amplitud...Knowledge Weavers ECG
112 ECG intervals and wavesThe P wave represents atrial activation; the PR interval is the time from onset of atrial activation to onset of ventricular activation. The QRS complex represents ventricular activation; the QRS duration is the duration of ventricular activation. The ST-T wave represents ventricular repolarizatio...Knowledge Weavers ECG
113 Atrial flutter with 2:1 AV conductionFlutter waves are best seen in lead V1; one immediately follows the QRS and the other precedes the next QRS. The regular ventricular rate of 150 bpm should always prompt us to condider this diagnosis.Knowledge Weavers ECG
114 Left axis deviation: QRS axis = -45 degreesThere is no isoelectric, but leads aVR and II are the closest to being isoelectric, placing the axis between -30 and -60 degrees. The axis, therefore, is about -45 degrees.Knowledge Weavers ECG
115 Long QT: an ECG marker for sudden cardiac deathLong QT: an ECG marker for sudden cardiac deathKnowledge Weavers ECG
116 Frontal plane QRS axis = 0 degreesFrontal plane QRS axis = 0 degreesKnowledge Weavers ECG
117 Isolated PAC - marquetteIsolated PAC - marquetteKnowledge Weavers ECG
118 Acetyl CoA metabolism -- overviewMajor metabolic sources of acetyl CoA and some of the processes in which it serves as a substrate.Knowledge Weavers Fatty Acids
119 Oleic acid structureOleic acid is a typical monounsaturated fatty acid.Knowledge Weavers Fatty Acids
120 Inferolateral ST segment elevationST Segment elevation with a straight or convex upwards configuration usually means transmural ischemia (or injury) and is seen in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. This ECG finding may also be seen transiently during coronary artery spasm. Unlike ST depression, ST elevation is often loca...Knowledge Weavers ECG
121 A PAC initiates paroxysmal atrial fibrillationThe arrow indicates slight alteration of the ST-T wave by a PAC. The PAC, in turn, falls during the vulnerable period of atrial repolarization and initiates atrial fibrillation. Similar but more catastrophic events happen in the ventricles when PVC's occur during the vulnerable period, i.e. R-on-T...Knowledge Weavers ECG
122 Left Atrial Abnormality & 1st Degree AV BlockThe P-wave is notched, wider than 0.12s, and has a prominent negative (posterior) component in V1 - all criteria for left atrial abnormality or enlargement (LAE). The PR interval >0.20s. Minor ST-T wave abnormalities are also present.Knowledge Weavers ECG
123 3rd degree AV block rx'ed with a ventricular pacemakerIn A the ECG shows complete or 3rd degree AV block with a left ventricular escape rhythm, as evidenced by the upright QRS morphology. In B the artificial right ventricular pacemaker rhythm is shown.Knowledge Weavers ECG
124 Lead Error: V1 & V3 are TransposedIn this normal 12-lead ECG the V1 and V3 chest electrodes are interchanged. Experienced ECG interpreters should be able to spot this lead placement error.Knowledge Weavers ECG
125 PAC and PVC: complete vs. incomplete pausePAC and PVC: complete vs. incomplete pauseKnowledge Weavers ECG
101 - 125 of 288