A collection of videos relating to the diagnosis and treatment of eye movement disorders. This collection includes many demonstrations of examination techniques.
Dan Gold, D.O., Associate Professor of Neurology, Ophthalmology, Neurosurgery, Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Emergency Medicine, and Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
A collection of videos relating to the diagnosis and treatment of eye movement disorders.
NOVEL: https://novel.utah.edu/
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Filters: Collection: "ehsl_novel_gold"
| Title | Description | Type | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 76 |
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Common Neuro-Ophthalmic Ancillary Tests to Assist in the Diagnosis and Localization of Afferent Disorders | Chart of the common neuro-ophthalmic ancillary tests to assist in the diagnosis and localization of afferent disorders. | Text |
| 77 |
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Complete Peripheral Vestibulopathy & Ipsilateral Facial Palsy | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: 60-yo-man who suffered the fairly abrupt onset (over hours) of right lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy (7th cranial nerve), vertigo and deafness in the right ear (8th cranial nerve). Vesicles were noted on otoscopy, a... | Image/MovingImage |
| 78 |
 |
Complete Saccadic Palsy Due to Pulmonary Thrombectomy | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 37-year-old woman who underwent pulmonary thrombectomy for a pulmonary embolus. Immediately following the procedure, she was unable to make normal eye movements. This video exam (she is the passenger in a car du... | Image/MovingImage |
| 79 |
 |
Curved Oblique Saccades and Saccadic Slowing in a Patient with an Anti-GAD Mediated Posterior Fossa Syndrome | This is a patient who developed muscle spasms especially involving the muscles of the trunk in addition to a progressive gait disorder. Examination demonstrated slow saccades, slower horizontally than vertically, in addition to gaze evoked nystagmus with a side pocket pattern. Side pocket nystagmu... | Image/MovingImage |
| 80 |
 |
Enhanced Ptosis in Myasthenia Gravis | This is a 20-yo-woman who presented with generalized weakness, ptosis and ophthalmoplegia. She had severe ptosis OU at baseline, but when one eyelid was manually elevated, there was marked enhanced ptosis of the opposite eyelid. This was in accordance with Hering's law of equal innervation of the le... | Image/MovingImage |
| 81 |
 |
The Episodic Vestibular Syndrome | This is a 55-year-old man with 6 months of episodic vertigo without clear triggers/provocative factors, with each of his 3 previous episodes lasting less than 5 minutes. While in the clinic, he had one of his typical vertigo attacks. There was initially 30 seconds of right-beating-torsional nystagmu... | Image/MovingImage |
| 82 |
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Examples of Patients with Saccadic Intrusions (Square Wave Jerks) | Seen here are patients with saccadic intrusions that do have an intersaccadic interval. Square wave jerks are commonly seen in degenerative conditions, mainly involving the posterior fossa (e.g., cerebellar degeneration) and basal ganglia (e.g., progressive supranuclear palsy). | Image/MovingImage |
| 83 |
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Expanded Acute Onset Persistent Vision Loss Differential | Text | |
| 84 |
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Expanded Nystagmus & Saccadic Intrusions/Oscillations Differential | Expanded nystagmus & saccadic intrusions/ oscillations differential | Text |
| 85 |
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Figure 17: Bony Structures Relevant to the Orbit | The frontal, sphenoid, maxillary, ethmoid, and lacrimal bones make up the orbit. Structures passing through the optic canal include the optic nerve, oculosympathetic tract and ophthalmic artery. Structures passing through the superior orbital fissure include the superior ophthalmic vein, cranial ner... | Image |
| 86 |
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Figure 1: Oculosympathetic Pathway for Pupillary Dilation | The oculosympathetic tract is an uncrossed pathway that begins in the hypothalamus, with fibers descending in the brainstem (1st order, commonly affected in a lateral medullary syndrome), synapsing in the lower cervical/upper thoracic spinal cord (interomediolateral cell columns of C8-T2, also refer... | Image |
| 87 |
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Figure 24: Typical Visual Field Defects Associated with Discrete Lesions Along the Visual Pathways | Specific monocular or binocular visual field defects can be highly localizing when the neuroanatomy of the visual pathways is understood. The temporal visual field corresponds to the nasal retina, while the nasal visual field corresponds to the temporal retina. 1) Left optic nerve lesion - while an ... | Image |
| 88 |
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Figure 2: Parasympathetic Pathway for Pupillary Constriction | A bright light is shone in one eye, light enters the pupil and hyperpolarizes retinal photoreceptors which activates retinal ganglion cells. These signals propagate along the optic nerves, chiasm, optic tracts, and fibers responsible for the light reflex then synapse in the dorsal midbrain (prior to... | Image |
| 89 |
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Figure 46: The Course of the 6th (VI) Nerve | The sixth nucleus is located dorsally, adjacent to the 4th ventricle, in the lower pons. The genu of the facial (7th) nerve wraps around the 6th nucleus, creating the facial colliculus, which bulges into the 4th ventricle. After the 6th nerve leaves the pons, it follows a vertical course along the c... | Image |
| 90 |
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Figure 50: Anatomy and Physiology of the Saccadic Pathways | When a saccade is desired (or reflexively triggered), signals project from the saccade-related cortical eye fields to the superior colliculus, which serves to integrate and relay commands to the saccade generating brainstem circuitry. The inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) carries climbing fibers to... | Image |
| 91 |
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Figure 51: Lateral Medullary Lesion Causing Saccadic Dysmetria | A lesion of the left lateral medulla and inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) will cause decreased climbing fiber inhibition of the left dorsal vermis causing simple-spike (inhibitory) discharge of Purkinje cells to increase. Increased Purkinje cell firing leads to increased inhibition of the ipsilate... | Image |
| 92 |
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Figure 51: Lateral Medullary Lesion Causing Saccadic Dysmetria (Supplement) | Image | |
| 93 |
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Figure 51: Lateral Medullary Lesion Causing Saccadic Dysmetria (Supplement) | Image | |
| 94 |
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Figure 53: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome | This axial section of the medulla highlights those structures that, when damaged, are responsible for the vestibular and ocular motor features of the Wallenberg syndrome. The nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH) and medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) complex is important for horizontal gaze-holding (neu... | Image |
| 95 |
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Figure 53: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome (Supplement) | Image | |
| 96 |
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Figure 53: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome (Supplement) | Image | |
| 97 |
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Figure 64: The Course of the 3rd (III) Nerve | The 3rd nucleus lies at the ventral border of the periaqueductal gray matter, at the level of the superior colliculus. In between the two nuclei is the midline central caudal nucleus (CCN), which innervates bilateral levator palpebrae muscles (explaining how a unilateral nuclear 3rd can cause bilate... | Image |
| 98 |
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Figure 64: The Course of the 3rd (III) Nerve (Supplement) | Image | |
| 99 |
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Figure 65: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 3rd Nerve) of the Rostral Midbrain | In this axial section of the midbrain at the level of the superior colliculus, the paired 3rd nuclei are located ventral to the periaqueductal grey, and the midline central caudal nucleus (CCN) is located in between. The fascicles that exit the IIIrd nuclei carry the fibers destined to innervate the... | Image |
| 100 |
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Figure 65: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 3rd Nerve) of the Rostral Midbrain (Supplement) | Image |