A collection of videos relating to the diagnosis and treatment of eye movement disorders. This collection includes many demonstrations of examination techniques.
Dan Gold, D.O., Associate Professor of Neurology, Ophthalmology, Neurosurgery, Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Emergency Medicine, and Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
A collection of videos relating to the diagnosis and treatment of eye movement disorders.
NOVEL: https://novel.utah.edu/
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| Title | Description | Type | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26 |
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Provocative Maneuvers (Removal of Fixation, Vibration, Head-Shaking) to Accentuate Peripheral Vestibular Nystagmus) | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: With an acute destructive process like vestibular neuritis that causes significant unilateral vestibular loss, spontaneous nystagmus is always present. However, over days to months, spontaneous nystagmus should resolve co... | Image/MovingImage |
| 27 |
 |
PSP with Vertical Gaze Palsy, Abnormal Optokinetic Nystagmus and Inability to Suppress Blinking to Light | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 75-year-old woman with a diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Examination demonstrated vertical supranuclear gaze palsy (i.e., it could be overcome by the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex [VOR]), s... | Image/MovingImage |
| 28 |
 |
Slow Volitional Saccades and Poor Fast Phases to an Optokinetic Stimulus, with Preserved Head Impulse Testing | This is a 67-year-old woman presenting with imbalance and binocular horizontal diplopia at near. On examination there were frequent square wave jerks, limited supraduction OU and convergence insufficiency, which explained her diplopia. Pursuit and suppression of the vestibulo-ocular reflex were sa... | Image/MovingImage |
| 29 |
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Saccadic Intrusions (Square Wave Jerks, SWJ) | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Seen here are SWJ, which is the most common example of a saccadic intrusion. Here the patient is fixating on the camera, and all of the sudden a saccade takes the eyes off the fixation target, there's a brief intersaccadi... | Image/MovingImage |
| 30 |
 |
Slow Horizontal, Vertical, Oblique Saccades and Gaze-evoked Nystagmus in Anti-AGNA-1 Encephalitis | This is a patient who presented subacutely with imbalance and dizziness. On examination, she had evidence of gaze evoked nystagmus, right internuclear ophthalmoplegia, as well as slow saccades horizontally and vertically. She was diagnosed with a rare antibody-mediated disorder, anti-AGNA-1 (antig... | Image/MovingImage |
| 31 |
 |
Typical Lid Signs (Cogan's Lid Twitch, Lid Hopping, Enhanced Ptosis) in Myasthenia Gravis | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 60-yo-woman with MG who displays typical eyelid signs including Cogan's lid twitch, lid hopping (appreciated during horizontal smooth pursuit in this patient), and enhanced ptosis in accordance with Hering's law... | Image/MovingImage |
| 32 |
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Anterior Canal BPPV | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Although the anterior canal (AC) variant of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is rare, mainly owing to its orientation relative to gravity (which makes otoconial debris much less likely to enter it), it can occu... | Image/MovingImage |
| 33 |
 |
Posterior Canal BPPV Treated with Semont Maneuver | This is a patient with left posterior canal (PC) benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), and upbeat-torsional (towards the left ear) nystagmus was provoked by left Dix-Hallpike maneuver and left side-lying maneuver. This video demonstrates treatment of her left PC BPPV with the Semont maneuver.... | Image/MovingImage |
| 34 |
 |
Test Your Knowledge - Oscillopsia | This 65-year-old man with multiple sclerosis described that objects in front of him appear to spontaneously jump or move horizontally for the last few months. He reported that his symptoms occur independent of head movements and head impulse testing was normal. After viewing the video, what is the m... | Image/MovingImage |
| 35 |
 |
Pseudonystagmus Due to Bilateral Vestibular Loss and Head Tremor | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 65-yo-woman with complaints of imbalance, dizziness, and horizontal oscillopsia. On exam, she had a high frequency, low amplitude (mainly horizontal) head tremor, and with ophthalmoscopy, the optic nerve was cle... | Image/MovingImage |
| 36 |
 |
3rd Nerve Palsy With Preserved 4th Nerve Function | 80-yo-woman with a left vasculopathic 3rd nerve palsy (minimal pupil involvement of about 1 mm relative mydriasis OS - other etiologies ruled out and resolved as expected over months). Although the inferior rectus is paretic, intact superior oblique muscle function can be demonstrated by asking the ... | Image/MovingImage |
| 37 |
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6th Nerve Palsy as Initial Presentation of Metastatic Lung Cancer | A video describing 6th nerve palsy as initial presentation of metastatic lung cancer. | Image/MovingImage |
| 38 |
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Abnormal Active Head Impulse Testing Recorded Asynchronously in Bilateral Vestibular Loss | This is a video of patient with the subacute onset of head movement-dependent oscillopsia due to bilateral vestibular loss (with obvious bilaterally abnormal head impulse test (HIT) at the bedside), in addition to central ocular motor signs including saccadic smooth pursuit and gaze-evoked nystagmus... | Image/MovingImage |
| 39 |
 |
Abnormal Head Impulse Test in Vestibular Neuritis 1 Week After Onset | This is a 25-year-old woman who experienced the acute vestibular syndrome due to right-sided vestibular neuritis 1 week prior to this video. Left-beating nystagmus (LBN) was only noted in left gaze, but with fixation-removed, there was clear LBN in primary position that increased with head-shaking a... | Image/MovingImage |
| 40 |
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Acquired Elliptical Pendular Nystagmus Suppressed by Blinks and Saccades | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 70-year-old man who experienced the gradual onset of oscillopsia over weeks about 3 months prior to this video recording. Examination demonstrated elliptical pendular nystagmus which was atypical for infantile n... | Image/MovingImage |
| 41 |
 |
The Acute Vestibular Syndrome in MS Due to Middle Cerebellar Peduncle/Root Entry Zone Lesion | This is a 13 year-old girl with relatively abrupt onset vertigo and oscillopsia. On exam, there was primarily right-beating nystagmus in primary gaze with a slight upward (upbeat) component, giving the nystagmus an oblique appearance. The upward component and lack of a clear torsional component acut... | Image/MovingImage |
| 42 |
 |
Apogeotropic and Downbeat Central Positional Nystagmus Provoked While Seated | This is a young man with intermittent complaints of positional vertigo. With Dix-Hallpike and roll testing, he had apogeotropic positional nystagmus (e.g., right beating nystagmus with the left ear down, and left beating nystagmus with the right ear down) in addition to strong downbeat nystagmus in... | Image/MovingImage |
| 43 |
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Bilateral Horizontal Gaze Palsy and Oculopalatal Tremor Due to Pontine Hemorrhage | This 70-yo-woman experienced headache and diplopia and was found to have a hemorrhage centrally within the dorsal pons. Months after the onset, the patient was seen in clinic and had no horizontal eye movements (pursuit, saccades, VOR) in either eye, suggestive of bilateral nuclear 6th nerve palsies... | Image/MovingImage |
| 44 |
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Bilateral INOs Due to Stroke | This is a 65-year-old man with multiple vascular risk factors who experienced the abrupt onset of diplopia 6 months prior to this video. MRI done within 24 hours of onset was unremarkable. Examination demonstrated subtle bilateral adduction lag with horizontal saccades. There was very mild abducting... | Image/MovingImage |
| 45 |
|
Bilateral Vestibular Loss With Gaze-Evoked Nystagmus and Saccadic Visually Enhanced VOR | This is 55-year-old man with the subacute onset of head movement-induced oscillopsia and dizziness. He had a history of psoriatic arthritis. He had not used medications known to be vestibulo-toxic such as gentamicin. ; Salient findings on his examination included 1) bilateral vestibular loss (BVL) d... | Image/MovingImage |
| 46 |
|
Bilaterally Abnormal Head Impulse Test | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This video is an example of bilaterally abnormal head impulse test (HIT) due to bilateral vestibular loss (BVL). Typical symptoms in BVL: head movement-induced dizziness and jumping vision for years with visual jumping/b... | Image/MovingImage |
| 47 |
|
Chronic Facial Nerve Palsy with Aberrant Regeneration | This is a 35-year-old woman who was diagnosed with right sided Bell's palsy six months prior. Contrast-enhanced MRI at that time was normal. This video demonstrates the phenomenon of aberrant regeneration (synkinesia) of the facial nerve. Due to aberrant regeneration, at rest the right palpebral fi... | Image/MovingImage |
| 48 |
 |
Complete Peripheral Vestibulopathy & Ipsilateral Facial Palsy | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: 60-yo-man who suffered the fairly abrupt onset (over hours) of right lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy (7th cranial nerve), vertigo and deafness in the right ear (8th cranial nerve). Vesicles were noted on otoscopy, a... | Image/MovingImage |
| 49 |
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Complete Saccadic Palsy Due to Pulmonary Thrombectomy | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 37-year-old woman who underwent pulmonary thrombectomy for a pulmonary embolus. Immediately following the procedure, she was unable to make normal eye movements. This video exam (she is the passenger in a car du... | Image/MovingImage |
| 50 |
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Curved Oblique Saccades and Saccadic Slowing in a Patient with an Anti-GAD Mediated Posterior Fossa Syndrome | This is a patient who developed muscle spasms especially involving the muscles of the trunk in addition to a progressive gait disorder. Examination demonstrated slow saccades, slower horizontally than vertically, in addition to gaze evoked nystagmus with a side pocket pattern. Side pocket nystagmu... | Image/MovingImage |