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TitleDescriptionSubject
1 Cerebellar Degeneration with Downbeat Nystagmus Provoked by ConvergenceDescription: This is a 70-yo-woman with a progressive gait disorder, diagnosed with cerebellar ataxia. She displayed typical cerebellar ocular motor signs including gaze-evoked nystagmus, choppy pursuit and VOR suppression, and there was very subtle spontaneous downbeat nystagmus, best appreciated w...Convergence Abnormal; Cerebellar Pathology; Jerk Nystagmus; Downbeat Nystagmus
2 Convergence Insufficiency and Square Wave Jerks in PSP𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 70-yo-woman with progressive supranuclear palsy with complaints of difficulty reading. Her husband noticed that she would frequently close one eye when attempting to read, and words were not clear on the page, a...Convergence; Alignment; Convergence Insufficiency; Square Wave Jerks
3 Downbeat Nystagmus and Convergence SpasmThis is a 60-yo-woman with vertical oscillopsia related to her downbeat nystagmus, and diplopia related to an intermittent esotropia. When the esotropia was present, with versions there were bilateral abduction deficits. With ductions and the vestibulo-ocular reflex, it was apparent that the range o...Convergence-abnormal; Range-abnormal; Sixth Nerve Palsy; Convergence Spasm; Cerebellar Pathology; Jerk Nystagmus; Downbeat Nystagmus
4 Idiopathic Downbeat Nystagmus, Decreasing with ConvergenceThis is a 25-yo-woman who experienced vertically oscillopsia for 1 year, and was found to have downbeat nystagmus. Interestingly, there were no other cerebellar ocular motor signs - e.g., normal saccades, smooth pursuit, VOR suppression, and no gaze-evoked nystagmus, although her (pure) downbeat was...Convergence-abnormal; Cerebellar Pathology; Downbeat Nystagmus; Jerk Nystagmus
5 Ocular Motor Signs in Early Progressive Supranuclear Palsy𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 64-year old man who experienced imbalance and falls (usually backwards) for the last 6 months. He experienced difficulty navigating stairs and had become a messy eater (thought to be in large part due to his ver...Abnormal Saccades; Abnormal Convergence; Abnormal Pursuit; Abnormal Range; Abnormal VORS; Vertical Gaze Palsy; Downgaze Palsy; OMS Mesencephalon
6 Ocular Motor Signs in SCA 6𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 45-yo-man who was recently diagnosed with SCA 6. There was no clear spontaneous downbeat nystagmus (DBN) in primary gaze, although DBN could clearly be provoked by convergence. Other ocular motor features includ...Abnormal Convergence; Abnormal VORS; OMS Cerebellar; Downbeat Nystagmus; Jerk Nystagmus; Gaze Evoked Nystagmus; Rebound Nystagmus
7 Opsoclonus Provoked by Convergence𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 40-yo-man with post-infectious opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Opsoclonus was intermittently evident in primary position, but was consistently provoked (and intensified) by convergence. Occasionally, opsoclonus (...Abnormal Convergence; Opsoclonus
8 Parinaud's Syndrome in a Man with GBM of the Pineal Gland𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 60-yo-man who presented with diplopia, headaches, and difficulty looking up, and was found to have a mass involving the pineal gland. Biopsy was diagnostic of a GBM. Major features of Parinaud's (dorsal midbrain...Saccades; Convergence; Range; Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome; Convergence Retraction Nystagmus; Upgaze Palsy
9 Reversal of Vertical Nystagmus with Convergence in Anti-DPPX Encephalitis𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a man who initially presented with spontaneous upbeat and torsional nystagmus, which led to the diagnosis of anti-DPPX encephalitis (for further details on this patient's course and for a video of his nystagmus, s...Upbeat Nystagmus; Downbeat Nystagmus; Jerk Nystagmus; Gaze-Evoked Nystagmus
10 Voluntary Ocular Flutter𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 45-yo-man with intermittent complaints of horizontal oscillopsia for 1 year. On examination, all classes of eye movements were normal, and neurologic examination was normal. MRI of the brain had been performed p...Abnormal Convergence; Flutter; Voluntary Nystagmus; Voluntary Ocular Flutter
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