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Title | Description | Type |
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Saccades | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: The examiner should note: conjugacy (a lag of the adducting eye may be seen with an INO); accuracy (posterior fossa lesions commonly produce dysmetria (overshooting or undershooting); velocity (if slow, may suggest a lesi... | Image/MovingImage |
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Smooth Pursuit | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: A pursuit deficit in one direction suggests an ipsilesional localization, but beware of a superimposed spontaneous nystagmus; a pursuit deficit in all directions is commonly seen with cerebellar lesions. 𝗡𝗲𝘂𝗿�... | Image/MovingImage |
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Figure 61: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 6th, 7th, 8th Nerves, MLF) of the Pons (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 61: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 6th, 7th, 8th Nerves, MLF) of the Pons (Supplement) | | Image |
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CANVAS (Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, and Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome) Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) Figure | CANVAS (Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, and Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome) is a genetic condition consisting of slowly progressive late-onset ataxia, bilateral vestibulopathy, sensory neuropathy, chronic cough, and autonomic dysfunction. While the term vestibular areflexia typically implies bilateral... | Image |
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Abnormal Visually-enhanced Vestibulo-ocular Reflex (vVOR) in Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome (CANVAS) | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This patient complained of chronic (unexplained cough), progressive numbness in the legs and feet, gait instability, and oscillopsia when walking or with head movements. Examination showed excessive square-wave jerks, bil... | Image/MovingImage |
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Ocular Alignment | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: These tests allow for detection of eso-, exo- or hyperdeviations (phorias (one eye viewing) or tropias (both eyes viewing) that can be seen with ocular motor palsy, skew deviation, or with cerebellar disease (commonly eso... | Image/MovingImage |
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Saccadic Intrusions (Square Wave Jerks, SWJ) | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Seen here are SWJ, which is the most common example of a saccadic intrusion. Here the patient is fixating on the camera, and all of the sudden a saccade takes the eyes off the fixation target, there's a brief intersaccadi... | Image/MovingImage |
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An Optokinetic Stimulation Home Exercise Program | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: A plainly written program of optokinetic exercise intended for patient use at home. 𝗡𝗲𝘂𝗿𝗼-𝗼𝗽𝗵𝘁𝗵𝗮𝗹𝗺𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗡𝗲𝘂𝗿𝗼-𝗼𝘁𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝘆 ... | Text |
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Expanded Acute Onset Persistent Vision Loss Differential | | Text |
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Eye Signs in Infantile Esotropia - Latent Nystagmus and Inferior Oblique Overaction | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This is a 25-yo-man with a history of amblyopia and intermittent eye crossing. On exam, he had a comitant 25 prism diopter esotropia, and other features of infantile (or congenital) esotropia including: latent nystagmus (... | Image/MovingImage |
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Figure 51: Lateral Medullary Lesion Causing Saccadic Dysmetria (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 51: Lateral Medullary Lesion Causing Saccadic Dysmetria (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 53: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 53: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Lateral Medullary (Wallenberg) Syndrome (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 64: The Course of the 3rd (III) Nerve (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 65: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 3rd Nerve) of the Rostral Midbrain (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 65: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 3rd Nerve) of the Rostral Midbrain (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 68: The Course of the 4th (IV) Nerve (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 69: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 4th Nerve) of the Caudal Midbrain (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 69: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy (Including 4th Nerve) of the Caudal Midbrain (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 80: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Medial Medullary Syndrome (Supplement) | | Image |
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Figure 80: Vascular Distribution and Anatomy Relevant to the Medial Medullary Syndrome (Supplement) | | Image |
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Head Movement Independent ('Sitting') Oscillopsia - A Common Symptom of Nystagmus and Saccadic Intrusions/Oscillations | 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: This video is an example of what a patient with spontaneous nystagmus or saccadic intrusions/oscillations experiences visually during the abnormal eye movements - i.e., oscillopsia (illusion of movement of the stationary ... | Image/MovingImage |
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Idiopathic Downbeat Nystagmus Exacerbated with Positional Maneuvers - Part 2: Patient is Now on 4-Aminopyridine | This is a 45-yo-woman presented in "Idiopathic downbeat nystagmus exacerbated with positional maneuvers". This video was taken after the patient had been on 4-aminopyridine for 3 months. There was marked improvement in subjective oscillopsia and objective downbeat nystagmus. The strong positional co... | Image/MovingImage |