Novel mutation (I143NT) in guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP1) associated with autosomal dominant cone degeneration

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Publication Type Journal Article
School or College School of Medicine
Department Ophthalmology
Creator Baehr, Wolfgang
Other Author Nishiguchi, Koji M.; Sokal, Izabela; Yang, Lili; Roychowdhury, Nirmalya; Palczewski, Krzysztof; Berson, Eliot L.; Dryja, Thaddeus P.
Title Novel mutation (I143NT) in guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP1) associated with autosomal dominant cone degeneration
Date 2004
Description PURPOSE: To identify pathogenic mutations in the guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP1) and GCAP2 genes and to characterize the biochemical effect of mutation on guanylate cyclase (GC) stimulation. METHODS: The GCAP1 and GCAP2 genes were screened by direct sequencing for mutations in 216 patients and 421 patients, respectively, with various hereditary retinal diseases. A mutation in GCAP1 segregating with autosomal dominant cone degeneration was further evaluated biochemically by employing recombinant proteins, immunoblotting, Ca2+-dependent stimulation of GC, fluorescence emission spectra, and limited proteolysis in the absence and presence of Ca2+. RESULTS: A novel GCAP1 mutation, I143NT (substitution of Ile at codon 143 by Asn and Thr), affecting the EF4 Ca2+-binding loop, was identified in a heterozygote father and son with autosomal dominant cone degeneration. Both patients had much greater loss of cone function versus rod function; previous histopathologic evaluation of the father's eyes at autopsy (age 75 years) showed no foveal cones but a few, scattered cones remaining in the peripheral retina. Biochemical analysis showed that the GCAP1-I143NT mutant adopted a conformation susceptible to proteolysis, and the mutant inhibited GC only partially at high Ca2+ concentrations. Individual patients with atypical or recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP) had additional heterozygous GCAP1-T114I and GCAP2 gene changes (V85M and F150C) of unknown pathogenicity. CONCLUSIONS: A novel GCAP1 mutation, I143NT, caused a form of autosomal dominant cone degeneration that destroys foveal cones by mid-life but spares some cones in the peripheral retina up to 75 years. Properties of the GCAP1-I143NT mutant protein suggested that it is incompletely inactivated by high Ca2+ concentrations as should occur with dark adaptation. The continued activity of the mutant GCAP1 likely results in higher-than-normal scotopic cGMP levels which may, in turn, account for the progressive loss of cones.
Type Text
Publisher Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
Volume 45
Issue 11
First Page 3863
Last Page 3870
Subject DNA Mutational Analysis; Mutation, Missense; Electroretinography
Subject MESH Calcium-Binding Proteins; Retinal Degeneration; Guanylate Cyclase
Language eng
Bibliographic Citation Nishiguchi, K. M., Sokal, I., Yang, L., Roychowdhury, N., Palczewski, K., Berson, E. L., Dryja, T. P., & Baehr, W. (2004). A novel mutation (I143NT) in guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP1) associated with autosomal dominant cone degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 45(11), 3863-70.
Rights Management (c) Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
Format Medium application/pdf
Format Extent 1,512,195 bytes
Identifier ir-main,1738
ARK ark:/87278/s6f76wpz
Setname ir_uspace
ID 702800
Reference URL https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6f76wpz
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