Draft agreement for a League of Nations, presented to the plenary iInter-allied conference of February 14, 1919.

Text of the draft agreement to create a League of Nations to secure international peace and cooperation, presented to Parliament by command of His Majesty. March 1919.

234) /3 IVIISCELIANEOIIS. No. 1 (1919). I)“ A l*"l‘ M H HEM ICN'I‘ A LEAGUE OF NATIONS. I‘lx’liSlCN'J‘lil) 'I‘H 'l‘HJC I’l,lCA\';\}\’Y [X'l‘lCR—AILIICI) (‘().\’l*‘ICRJCN(‘lC Hl‘ l5lil’)l\’L'A\l\’\' H, NIH. /)/< v nm/ /~ /’..u/11um 11/ by (MIMhH/e/ n/ HIS .i/djux/v. JIMH‘II 1919. L |H\IH).\ :1“ NH} Sl‘u's \I \HH\'}‘.J\'\' w~.~wl«-1 wl tum-<1! \ ‘? ‘ lAL‘ .HHH‘AHL‘: Hl’l‘H‘l-w 11mm .uitllr‘\*t *_ n35\!‘1,\1.llw,\ SIR] ll >it~:!~_,«i \l ( LUNUUN, \‘ \\ I , \h’IIHI 3 Draft Agreement for a League oi Nations. invitations shall be sent to any Power to attend a meeting of the ('ouneil at which matters directly aiiecting its interests are to be discussed, and no decision taken at any meeting will be binding on such l’ou'er unless so invited. Amati; 4. All matters oi procedure at meetings of the Body of Delegates or the PRt-isrx‘rrn To Tltli l’irx‘wy l.\'"i'I~I}\'—:\IlII-‘.li (‘ox’rricrxer o\‘ lixecutiye (.‘otmcil, including the appointin ' i of committees, to investi— gate particular matters, shall be regulated by the Body of Delegates or the lixecutiye (‘ounciL and may be decided by a majority of the States represented at the meeting. The tirst. meeting of the )mdy of Delegates and of the lixecutiye (‘ouncil shall be summoned by the l’resident oi the l'nited States oi immunity H, 1915). (‘()\'l£I\'AN'l‘, America. Preamble. Akrrcu: 5. lN order to promote international co-operation and to secure inter— national peace and security by the acceptance of obligations not to resort to war, by the prescription of open, just and honourable relations between nations, by the iirm establishment of the understandings of international law as the actual rule of conduct among governments, and by the maintenance of justice and a scrupulous respect ior all treaty obligations in the dealings oi organised peoples with one another, the l’oyrers signatory to this (‘oyenant adopt this constitution oi the League oi Nations. The permanent Secretariat of the League shall be established at which shall constitute the Seat oi the League. 'l‘he Secretariatshall comprise such secretaries and staff as may be required, under the general direction and control of a Secretary—tieneral of the League, who shall be chosen by the lixecutiye (‘ouncil : the Secretariat shall be appointed by the Secretary—tieneral, subject to eoniirmation by the lixecutiye Council. The Secretary—tienci‘al shall act in that capacity at all meetings oi Atelieric ]. 'l‘he action oi the High (lontracting l’arties under the terms of this covenant shall be eiteeted through the instrmnentality oi meetings oi a ’iotly oi Delegates representing the High (tmtracting Parties, of meetings the Body of Delegates or of the Executive (founeil. The expenses of the Secretariat shall be borne by the States members oi the League in accordance with the apportionment of the expenses of the International Bureau of the Universal Postal L'nion. at more iretjuent interyals oi an lixeeutiye ('onneil, and oi a permanent international Secretariat to be established at the Seat oi the League, Art'rieir 3. Meetings oi the Body oi Delegates shall be held at stated intervals and from time to time as occasion may require ior the purpose oi dealing with matters within the sphere oi action oi the League. Meetings oi the Body oi Delegates shall be held at the Seat oi the Leagtte, or at such other place as may be iotmd convenient. and shall consist oi representatiyes oi the High tontraeting l’arties. lfach oi the High t‘ontraeting l’arties shall ha\e one \‘ote, but may it.t\'e not more than three representatiyes. .\l<ll( ll 1%. lite l':\t't’\lli\t toltlieii shall consist oi iejti't'selitttti\‘es Hi Ilie [‘llllt'tl Slates oi .\meiie.t. the ’niiish lfmpiie, l5rance, Italy. and Japan, together \yith representatiyes oi tom other States, members oi the League. The \eleetion oi these tom States shall be made by the Body of Delegates on such principles and in such manner as they think tit. Pending the appointment oi these representatnes oi the otllel States, represent atiyes oi shall be mentbtrs oi the li\eenti\e countil Meetings oi the touneil shall beheld iroin tune to time as ot‘t’asioll may require. and .ti least once a \ttll at uhateyer place may be det ltll‘tl on, or tailing any sueh tlt‘i Mon at the Seat oi tin ltague. and any matter \\itltin tht sphere oi attton oi tht iotgnt or .tiiettin e tin \\oilti may be dealt \\ith at sttth lllll tings. peace oi the AR’I‘It‘LIC 6. l\’epresentatiyes oi the High Contracting Parties and oilicials oi the League when engaged on the business of the League shall ei'tjoy diplomatic privileges and innnunities, and the buildings occupied by the League or its otlicials or by representatiyes attending its meetings shall enjoy the beneiits of extraterritoriality. .\1<’riei.i-; 7. Admission to the League of States not signatories to the t‘oyenant and not named in the Protocol hereto as States to be inyited to adhere to the (‘o\'enant, requires the assent of not less than tub—thirds oi the States represented in the Body of Delegates, and shall be limited to fully self—goyerning' countries, including Dominions and Colonies. No State shall be admitted to the League unless it is able to g'i\'e eiiectiye guarantees of its sincere intention to observe its international obligations. and unless it shall coniorm to such principles as may be prescribed by the League in regard to its tuna] and military forces and armaments .\I<’r1< 1.1-: S. The High contracting! l’arties recognise the principle that the maintenance oi peace will require the reduction of national armaments to the louest point consistent with national satiety and the enim‘cement by common action oi international obligations, having special regard to tbli?“ \\'t.47789/U4 15/19 {M l).SL, .‘l luyitations shall be scut to any l‘oncr to attcud a meeting of tln Council at which nlattcisdircctly :Itlcctiug' its intcicstsarc to be dist usscrl, Draft Agreement {or a League ot‘ Nations. and no decision taltcn at any meeting will bc binding on such l’ow-r unless so inyited. Aki'n'rr. 4. MI matters of procedure at meetings of the tody of Delegates or the lixecntiye Council, including the appointm ' 1 of committees, to itchstL PRi-‘srxrrn To Tin: l’Ii-‘xany lX'l‘l-lt-AHIl-ih CUXI-‘I-‘Rt-Ncl’ o\‘ l’rinu'.-\i<y gate particular matters, shall be regulated by the Body of Delegates or the lixecutiyc Council, and may be dccidcd by a majority of the States represented at the meeting The lirst meeting of the Body ol' Delegates and of the lixccutiytCouncil shall be summoned by the l’resident ol‘ the Lnitcd States ol America. 14, 1919. Ct')\'liNi-\X’l‘. Preamble. Aa'ricua 5. IX order to promote international co-operation and to secure inter— national peace and security by the acceptance of obligations not to resort to war, by the prescription of open, just and honourable relations between nations, by the tirm establishment of the understandings of international law as the actual rule of conduct among governments, and by the maintenance of justice and a scrupulous respect for all treaty obligations in the dealings of organised peoples with one another, the Powers signatory to this Coycnant adopt this constitution of the League of Nations. Aimc 1.1-: 1, The action of the High Contracting Parties under the terms of this Covenant shall be cllcctcd through the instrumentality of meetings of a Body of Delegates representing the High Contracting Parties, of meetings at more frequent intcryals of an lixecutiye Council, and of a permanent international Secretariat to be established at the Seat of the League. ARTicLi: 2. Meetings of the Body of li)elegates shall be held at stated intervals and from time to time as occasion may require tor the purpose of dealing with matters within the sphere of action of the League. Meetings ol‘ the Body of Delegates shall be held at the Seat of the League, or at such ’l‘he permanent Secretariat of the League shall be established at which shall constitute the Seat of the League ’l‘hc Secretariat shall comprise such secretaries and stat‘t as may be required, under the general direction and control of a Secretary—tiencral of the League, who shall be chosen by thc lixccutiyc Council : the Secretariat shall be appointed by the Secretary—(iencral, subject to continuation by the [Executive Council. The Secretary~tieneral shall act in that capacity at all meetings of the Body of Delegates or of the Executive Council. The expenses of the Secretariat shall be borne by the States members ot‘ the League in accordance with the apportionment of the expenses of the International Bureau of the Universal Postal L'nion. Attrictic 6. Represcntatiyes ot the High Contracting Parties and otlicials of the League when engaged on the business of the League shall enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities, and the buildings occupied by the League or its officials or by represcntatiycs attending its meetings shall enjoy the benefits of extraterritoriality. other place as may be found conVenient, and shall consist of representa tiyes ot' the High Contracting Parties, liach ot' the High Contracting Parties \hall haye one yote, but may haye not more than three rej)resentatiyes. Art'ricir it. 'l'he l-ercutiye touncil shall consist ot representatiyes oi the I'nited States ot' America, the British limpire, France, Italy, and ‘Iapan, together with representatiyes of tour other States, members of the League. The selection of these four States shall be made by the Body of Delegate s on such principles and in such manner as they think tit. Pending the appointment ot‘ these representatiyes of the other States, represcnt atiyes ot shall be members ot the Exccutiye Council Meetings of the Council shall beheld from time to time as occasion may require. and at least once a year at whateyer place may be decided on, or tailing any such decision, at the Seat ot the League, and any matter within the sphere ()1. action of the League or attectin g the peace ol‘ the world may be dealt with at such nit-clings. Arcricii: 7. Admission to the League of States not signatories to the Covenant and not named in the Protocol hereto as States to be inyited to adhere to the Covenant, requires the assent of not less than two—thirds of the States represented in the Body of Delegates, and shall be limited to fully self—governing countries, including Dotninions and Colonies. No State shall b‘. admitted to the League unless it is able to gch cttcctiye guarantees of its sincere intention to obseryc its international obligations, and unlcss it shall conform to such principles as may be prescribed by the League in regard to its nayal and military forces and armatnents Alrrtcrié 8. The High Contracting Parties recognise the principle that the maintenance of peace will require the reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with national safety and the enforcement by common action of international obligations, having special regard to (838 Wt.-¥7789/94 3/19 4M ILSL. 5 the get.)gi‘;ipliit‘2il situation and circumstances of each State; and the lCXecutive Council shall formulate plans for effecting; such i'et'luction. The lixecutiye Council shall also determine for the consideration and action of the several (io\'eruuieuts what military equipincnt and arma— ment is fair and reasonable in proportion to the scale of forces laid down in the programme of disarmament; and these limits, when adopted, shall not be exceeded without the permission of the lixecutiye Council, The High Contracting Parties agree that the manufacture by priyate enterprise of munitions and implements of war lends itself ~to gl‘aye objections. and direct the l‘ixecutiye Council to advise how the eyil effects attendant upon such manufacture can be preyented, due regard being bad to the necessities of those countries which are not able to manufacture for themselves the munitions and implements of war necessary for their safety. The High Contracting Parties undertake in no way to conceal from each other the condition of such of their industries as are capable of being; adapted to warlike purposes or the scale of their armaments, and agree that there shall be full and frank interchange of information as to their military and nayal programmes. lo any case under this article, the award of the, arbitrators shall be, made within a reasonable time, and the I‘t-‘t‘OtanPlltlaflOH of the Executive Council shall be made within six months after the. submission of the dispute. ARTICIJC 13. The High Contracting; Parties agree that “whenever any dispute or difficulty shall arise between them which they recognise to be suitable for submission to arbitration and which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy, they will submit the whole subject matter to arbitration. For this purpose the Court of arbitration to which the case is referred shall be the, Court agreed on by the parties or stipulated in any Convention existing: between them The High Contracting Parties agree that they will carry out in full good faith any award that may be rendered. In the e\’cnt of any failure to carry out the award, the lixecutiye Council shall propose what steps can best be taken to give effect thereto. ARTICLE 14. The lixecutiye Council shall formulate plans for the establishment of a l’erinanent Court of international Justice and this Court shall, when established, be competent to hear and determine any matter which the .\l\"II< I i-, t). parties recognise, as suitable for submission to it for arbitration under .\ permanent Commission shall be constituted to advise the Leanne on the execution of the proyisions of article 8 and on military and naval tptes'tions generally. ‘ .\i<'ii< It It). The High Contracting; Parties undertake to respect and preserye as against external aggressionithe territorial integri ty and existing political independence of all States members of the league . In case of any such aggression or ”reuse of any threat or danger of such aggression the luxecuttye ( ouncil shall adyise upon the means by which this obligation shall be fultilled. ‘ .\l<'ll< ll 1]. .\uy war oi threat of war. whether immed iately affecting any of the High Contracting Parties or not, js hwth declared , a matter of concern to the League, and the High tontractii in Parties reserye the right to take any action that may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of nations it is hereby also tlcclaii‘tl and agreed it) hp fl“. fl‘lt’litlly ot the High toutiattine l’arties to draw the gummy,“ (;f right of each H , B 1y ~ of Delegates oi ot the |{\ecuii\e touncil Hi affecting 0t to any circumstances , internat ional llllt'lt’ttll , lst'. \\lllllt threat” , 1 to disturb , intern’ational ' )edte ’ tn the good uudeistaudiuc ' ‘ httueen nations upon which peace depleuds .\l<[l( i i‘ 12. Ilie lligh Contiat ting l’aities agree that should dis putes aris e between them which cannot be adiusted tn the ordinary] ti‘ot‘ i cs‘s‘cs of diplomacy, they will in no case resort to war without i questions .t‘lltl matters inyobttl eith er to :trliiii1:fiiiiilltl»xilli,)iillttlr ‘igvill“: ll]("l‘,X('(‘ll ll\'i‘ Council .tlltl until three inomjh after 1]“. 1‘ ”111211115 1)} arbitrators oi a iwounuendatitin h\ the |C\ecuti\'e tonni‘ll-dr' :1“ 1". they will not eyen then reso rt to \\.n as against a menib ‘ 'i 1f i l d“ ill?“ whic h comp liesve\\ith 01 the lixecuti Countht cil.award of the arbitratoh o,- 11 It . (-1 if nnne I“. '4!“ng ieto ndation the foregoingr article. ARTich; 15. If there should arise between States members of the League any dispute likely to lead to a rupture, which is not submitted to arbitration as aboye, the High Contracting Parties agree that they will refer the matter to the lixecutive Council ; either party to the dispute may give notice of the existence of the dispute to the Secretary—General, who will make all necessary arrangements for a full investigation and consideration thereof. For this purpose the parties agree to communicate to the Secretary—(,3cneral, as promptly as possible, statements of their case with all the relevant facts and papers, and the Executive Council may forthwith direct the publication thereof. Where the efforts of the Council lead to the settlement of the dispute, a statement shall be published indicating the nature of the dispute and the terms of settlement, together with such explanations as may be appropriate. If the dispute has not been settled, a report by the Council shall be published, setting forth with all necessary facts and explanations the recoininendation which the Council think just and proper for the settlement of the dispute. If the report is unanimously agreed to by the members of the Council other than the parties to the dispute, the High Contracting Parties agree that thcy will not go to war with any party which complies with the recommendation and that, if any party shall refuse so to comply, the Council shall propose the measures necessary to give effect to the reconnneudation. If no such unanimous report can he made, it shall be the duty of the majority and the privilege of the iniuority to issue statements indicating what they believe to be, the facts and containing the recommendations which they consider to be just and proper, The lixeeutiye Council may inzany case under this article refer the dispute to the Body of Delegates. The dispute shall be so referred at the request of either party to the dispute, provided that such request must be made within fourteen days after the submission of the dispute. '7 ll ARTICLE 18. ln any case j't'lt‘l'lt‘tl to the Holly ol llclecates all the provisions ol this .rrttcleand o1 arttclc l'.’ relating; to thc action and powers ol‘ the leecutive louncil shall apply to the action and powers ol the l‘wodv ol' l>e|ceatcs The High (‘ontracting Parties agree that the League, shall be, entrusted with with the general supervision of the trade in arms and ammunition the, countries in which the control of this traffic is necessary in the common interest. Arvrtcii' 16, ARTICLE 19. Should any ol' the llieh contracting l’arties break or disreward its covenants under article l'l. it shall thcrebv {fixu [ac/u bc deetnedlto have conumttcd an act of war against all the other members of the lea ntc which hereby undertake ilntncdiatclv to subject it to the scvet'anciT ol all trade or tinancial relations. the prohibition of all intercourse between their nationals and the nationals of the cttvcnant—bi'eakin” State and the prevention of all linancial. commercial. or personal inlercriin‘se between the nationals ol’ the cttvenant~brcal<ine State and the nationals of ‘lll\' other Stalc. \vhethcr a nicmbcr of thc l.t‘:tf’nc or not. i i I It shall be thc duty ot' the lixccntive (‘ouncil in such case to reconnucnd what ellcctivc military or naval ltll't‘c the members of thc l.ca”'ne sh'tll severally contribute to thc armed forces to be used to protect the chven'nits of thc lcaeuc. i V To those colonies and territories which as a consequence of the late war have ceased to be under the sovereignty ol the States which lormerly governed them and which are inhabited by peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world, there ol~ should be applied the principle that the well—being and development the for securities that and such peoples form a sacred trust of civilisation performance of this trust should be embodied in the constitution of the league. The best method of givingr practical el‘tect to this principle is that the who by tutelage of such peoples should be entrusted to advanced nations position, geographical their or experience their reason ot‘ their resources, be can best undertake this responsibility, and that this tutelage should exercised by them as mandatories on behalf of the League. The llieh (iontractine l’artim aercc, further, that they will nnttnallv support oilc another in thc linancial and economic measures which are takt-trundcr this articlt, in order to minimise the loss and lll(‘()ll\'t'lll(‘llt‘t' resulting lroni llll' above nteasnrcs, and that they \\ ill mutually sn ) torl number by the t‘tt\'t'll.’llll*lll‘t‘Hlylll‘Q State. and that thev \\ill al'l'ord rtss'tec through their territory to thc lorct-s oi any ill the llit'h l'onth‘i'tct‘iiiU The character of the mandate must differ according to the stage of the development of the people, the geographical situation of the territory, its economic conditions and other similar circumstances. Certain communities tormerly belonging to the Turkish Empire have reached a stage of development where their existence as independent nations can be provisionally recognised subject to the rendering ol~ admin— l’arties \\ho arc cwojn-ratine to ])l't)lc<‘l the covenants oli‘thc [cae‘uc fl istrative advice and assistance by a mandatory Power until such time one anothcr in resisting any special measuresiaitned at one olitlheir .\t<ttt ll 17, in the c\t‘llt ol disputes llt'l\\t‘t‘l] ont \tatc lllctttltcl ol the ll"t"llt‘ 'llltl another Statc \\lnch is not a numbw ol the lanolin or betucci: \‘tittcs not tllclllltclsttltllclt‘itgllc.ll1clliultlIttlllattiltqdhtltlcs:t"tt*cllllllilllt' \tatc o1 States not nunibcis ol lllc ll.tj\’llt the obligations ol (ll\ltl]ll' IllI Illltt tslnj» in tlu upon suth mnthttons as tht .llltl upon .ttct jlltlll(t ol am shall be l]1\'llT‘<l to :lt‘t‘t‘lll ltutqllt' lot the purposes ol such l',\ttnti\c t ounctl in.t\ dccin just sun It imitation, the allow pio\isions sh'tll i i llutlt snt h imitation lu‘nu; out n tht l' \t t llll\t loniu ll shill innn H l .ttcl\ nt--tttnt« an llltjlllH into tht intntnstantc» .lllll nuiits tl Hll tll\lllllt .nul llll‘lllllll ntl snt h .n tion .1- lIl.t\ “(ill in st .1 . i I)“ in thc nn't lllllslallct s it” {WM 'll‘ ‘ “Ml lntlu <\('l|llll.l l’outt \tllll‘tllttl'tlll\llt;lttdttljjj111, oltliwt tll list-1 Itonc ol nu llll‘t islnp lll lln .tn\ action against .t \l.tlt .I \l.llt llltllllhl tvl lllt, tlu pimtstons ol .tlll- ll \lli|l4‘t11tlll_ ll lutlll jltllllt‘ , l-' tot lllt lt.ti_'lll pinposv wt snt it «its lute nun lNl wt t‘ln lt.t:gttt ltacnt .tt‘ ltw'sttal, lw.t',tt11..tbl: lllt tlelltf.tllItIl\ ml 'tu illlll lsltllt in lll1‘l'\(\llll\tlttll"tll_llj‘j'\“ trons .t~- \\lll pump: Int-Hy“: disputi- \\ln»lt lll’l‘lltlt at til“! ol \\-n.ltl ‘Hll‘lll ., .1 lllttttll Ml " ii '— .ts acatttst ill ‘ 5. ltlt lalnnk,. .ll\llttl ilil\t It» ‘ 11.:thsta c». “Hill t ' tlu . .t ttlllt ill 11“ . '1 l‘ “\l’l'l‘ H “‘ll‘ltl ' \, .il, n t n: ot tlu ' ' l‘ltttl ‘ \li 't-tt that the mandatory must be responsible for the administration of the territory subject to conditions which will guarantee freedom of conscience or religion, subject only to the maintenance of public order and morals, and the the prohibition of abuses such as the slave trade, the arms traffic liquor tratlic, and the prevention of the establishment of fortilications or military and naval bases, and of military training of the natives for will also other than police purposes, and the defence of territory, and be .tpphctl \\tth sntlt tnothtnation- .ts Ilt.l\ ltc tlll‘lllt‘tl muss-try lI\ t] lcltgllt', must as they are able to stand alone. The wishes of these communities Power. mandatory the of be a principal consideration in the selection ()ther peoples, especially those of Central Africa, are at such a stage secure equal opportunities for the trade and commerce of other members of the I. argue. of the There are territories, such as South—\Vest Africa and certain population. their of sparseness the to owingr South Pacilic Islands, which, or or their small size, or their remoteness from the centres of civilisation, circum— other and State, their geographical contiguity to the mandatory State stances, can be best administered under the laws of the mandatory as integral portions thereof, subject to the safeguards above—mentioned in the interests of the indigenous population. ln every case of mandate, the mandatory State shall render to the its League an annual report in reference to the territory committed to charge. The degree ol authority, control, or administration to be exercised High by the mandatory State shall it not previously agrccd upon by the lixecutive the by detined explicitly be case each in t‘ontractine l’arties t‘ouncil in a special Act or charter. t; Tht‘ High Contracting Parties further agree to establish at the seat ml lllt‘ Lt’agnt‘ a Mandatory (‘mnnnissitm tur'mt‘t‘iw- and examine the annual rcpmrts ml the Mantlatmri' l)()\\'(‘l‘.\, antl tm assist thv [wag/{1w in t'nsnring‘ thv mlism‘vantiv ml thv lt‘l‘lllh‘ ml all Illzthlalt‘S. ARTICLE 220. 'l‘hv High (‘mntracting Parties \Vlll txntloavmtr to sw‘nrv and maintain lair and hninanv (‘HlldlthllS ml lahmnr lmr lllt‘ll, \\'mnn*n, antl t‘hiltlrt-n, hmth in tht-ir mun «mnntrivs and in all (‘()llllll‘lt\\ tm \\'lll(‘ll tht-n rmnnncrt‘ial antl lllCllhll‘l'dl mlations (JXtCIHl; and tm that Mid agrm‘ tm (‘SlilbllSlI :n [lid rt ml tht- mrganisatimn ml thv ltd‘b’tlt,‘ a pt-rrnant‘nt Hnrmu ml lahmnr. ARTICLE ‘31. The High t‘mntracting Parties agrw that prmvisimn shall he matlw thrmngh lllt" instrtnntentality mt lllt' lxagnt- tm St‘CUI‘t.‘ Lllltl maintain hw— tlmtn ml transit and uqttital’llr trvatment for the timrrnnm‘tre ml all Matt-5 mmnht-rs ml lllt‘ llt‘tlgllt‘, having in mind, among other things, Spt‘t‘ltll .tl'l‘dllgt‘lllt‘lll‘ with regard tm tltr necessities ml tht‘ regions (lavastatmtl «hiring; thr war ml l9l4»l918. Alt'l‘lt‘lli 22. Hit l-lig‘h (_"<mt.1‘a(:ti1’1g Parties agrm: tm plilt‘t‘ undcr the control ml thv l.«;t;;n<~ all intt-rnatimnal blll‘t‘LiLIX ah‘rznly t-stalflisht-til hy grnvral trvatit‘s it thv pill'llt'.‘ tm \nt‘h trt‘atits t‘tlllfi't‘lll. 151trthcrmmrt; thtjx' agrw that all with llllt‘l‘lllllltllltll hnrt-anx tm llt‘ t‘tlllSlllllltTl in lntnrv shall hr plau-t'l lllltlt’l thw «mntrml ml tht‘. llt‘il‘i’illt‘. .\l\"J'I< I ii 131%. lllt‘ llitgh t'mntrat-ting l’artit-x agrm- that t-x't-ry trt-aty mr intm‘natimnal innatgrnn-nt rntt-le intm llt’I‘t‘tlllt'I ht any Statt- nmnhvr ml tln: llt‘dgllt‘ hall ht lHlllthlll rt-gistt-rwl \xith lllt‘ gtrt‘rt-tarvtmint-ml, and as. smmn as, llH"\llllt‘ tnnhlhhml l>_\ him, anrl that nm sitt‘h trvatt' mt' it‘ttt‘rnalimnal «ltt’ttgt‘llh‘lll \hall ln- hintling tintil M) rt'gisttsrt-(l. :\H't’1< l t. ‘14. ll \hall ln- thr tight ml thy l'lmtly ml llt‘lrgatw lrmm timv tm lllllr’ lm .t‘l\l“ tln lt‘ttwlhltlt'lklllttll lnt Manx nn-mhrtx ml tht- laugtlt‘ ml trc‘alic-x “.‘tlllt h haw lm mnu inapplit alllr. antl ml llllt‘l'llilllllllill (‘Hll(llllttll\ ml \\'lllt'll tln tmnttnrrttw ll..t\ «‘Inlangt‘r thr [nam- ml lllt' \\m1‘ltl. Mu it It tmnttattinu l’artiw ‘15. «N'riallft' ;l‘L‘l’t‘t' that uwtltwl ax allrmgatin; all mlllifqatimrh Mir» ‘3': lllv t I «m thr pl‘t‘M‘lll V which ;it'(' tt-t’nh tln‘t't'ml, antl \Ult‘llllllt rngagv that thv\' will min am vnqagvntc-nh lHHIll‘lflt‘Ill \\ith thr lt‘l'llla m1 tht l’mm is \ignatmri. llt‘lt‘ltl mr \tihN-tltn-ntly Lttlllllllt‘tl lzagnt (hall lu'tmtt- lit-tummy a party to ll'll\ (mu-Ham, haw until lialXt‘ll an. milliqatrmnk \\.'l1lt'll;il't‘ lllt‘tlll\l\lt‘lll with t’ln- t‘t‘rnh ml this lw‘mlltiILI. Ll. WW '1‘» 1'6 \lntll ln . law" lln‘ ilHH llt'lll \tlt'lr ml sttt’ll l’m\\t‘1 It) [ttlxt‘ lllllllt'tlllllt‘ stt‘p: It) tilillgtttimllx \M It ll 21%. tm tlax tum-nant ‘.‘.!ll taltv «lIt-tt EM” \l.!lv“- rumpnm‘ ‘»‘-ll“"‘ lllt‘ uht-n ILIIlllt‘tl ln.‘ lllt‘ l‘.\t'tttli\'r l‘<‘l)lic~4t‘lllitll\t“ (mum-i1 IUlllllU‘t‘ lllt‘ alltl l)\' lthjth Hl