A Pilot Study to Promote Abstinence from Nicotine: The Effects of the End Nicotine Dependence Program

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S. Cigarette smoking primarily starts in adolescence. Among detained juvenile offenders, 82.1% had smoked cigarettes prior to their incarceration. None of the six juvenile justice services (JJS) facilities located in Utah offer a stop-smoking program. Detained juveniles have more health disparities, lower socioeconomic status, and inconsistent access to health care than the non-detained population. The purpose of this project was to implement an evidence-based program promoting abstinence from nicotine products. Nine participants (n=9) were recruited within the JJS facilities. Pre- and post-questionnaires were administered to obtain demographic and examine the change regarding intent to quit smoking. Feasibility and adaptability questionnaires were administered to the staff participants to determine the need for a stop-smoking program at the facility and to identify potential barriers. Most of the participants identified as Hispanic/Latino. The project resulted in a positive change in intent, with a total of 43% of the participants reporting an increase in their intent to quit smoking. Based on the feasibility and adaptability questionnaire, 100% of the staff participants and stakeholders felt that the END program would be useful and helpful in their facility. However, a total of 25% of the staff participants agreed to adapt their workflow and support the END program. The prevalence among incarcerated youths is high, especially among younger adolescents and minority groups. The END program has great potential for reducing smoking prevalence among incarcerated adolescents.