Saccadic Intrusions and Nystagmus in Cerebellar Ataxia
Creator
Daniel R. Gold, DO
Affiliation
(DRG) Departments of Neurology, Ophthalmology, Neurosurgery, Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Emergency Medicine, and Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
This patient demonstrates 4 common types of intrusions/nystagmus that may be seen in cerebellar ataxia: 1) square wave jerks (SWJ, a saccadic intrusion), 2) downbeat nystagmus (seen minimally in primary gaze, mainly in lateral gaze), 3) gaze-evoked nystagmus, 4) rebound nystagmus. The presence of SWJ can make it more challenging to diagnose nystagmus, but the presence of downbeat, gaze-evoked and rebound nystagmus is highly suggestive of cerebellar flocculus/paraflocculus dysfunction.